Non-pneumatic tourniquet device

ABSTRACT

This invention presents a non-pneumatic tourniquet device designed for quick, easy application to an injured digit, such as a finger or a toe. One preferred embodiment comprises an frame, which is affixed to a flexible layer or membrane, and allows for an opening for the insertion of the injured digit through the device. This easy to use apparatus temporarily checks the bleeding or blood flow by applying an external pressure or a compression to the blood vessels in an appendage and also allows for exsanguination of the injured area.

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/278,315, filed on Oct. 4, 2009. This application is acontinuation of U.S. Design application 29/346,791, filed on Nov. 5,2009 now U.S. Pat. No. D642,275.

This application is also a continuation in part of U.S. Utility patentapplication Ser. No. 12/114,737, filed on May 2, 2008 andPCT/US08/62583, filed on May 2, 2008, which both claim priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/915,665, filed on May 2, 2007and Ser. No. 61/046,404, filed on Apr. 18, 2008; these applications areincorporated by reference. Also, this application is related to U.S.Design application 29/317,784, filed on May 6, 2008.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a non-pneumatic tourniquet and medical devicedesigned for quick, easy application to an injured digit (finger ortoe). There is an apparatus for (1) temporarily checking the bleeding orblood flow by applying an external pressure or a compression to theblood vessels in an appendage (finger, toe, etc.) and for (2) providingexsanguination of the appendage and for (3) providing multiple ways forremoving said apparatus without disturbing the surgically repaired area.

2. Description of Related Art

There have been numerous articles written over the past several years byplastic surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, dermatologists, emergencyphysicians, podiatrists and hand specialists detailing the requirementsof an effective digital tourniquet. There have been many methodsproposed, but there are none without some inherent deficiency orinefficiency.

The general consensus for the necessary requirements include ease ofapplication and removal, universal use, comfort, easily seen (not likelyto be left in place leading to digital necrosis), and most importantly,the ability to provide a bloodless environment with maximalvisualization of the necessary structures.

It has been demonstrated that to achieve a truly bloodless field, freefrom “oozing” into the wound of venous blood trapped in the digit whenthe tourniquet is applied; one needs to exsanguinate the digit prior toapplication of the tourniquet. The methods that do not firstexsanguinate the digit or appendage commonly experience this problematicpersistent oozing, and may include the Penrose drain and pneumatictourniquets.

The techniques that do exsanguinate the digit first include the “cutglove” technique and the Marmed Tourni-quot device. Each of thesetechniques do not compare to utility of the “T-Ring” device whenconsidering ease of application, universality of use, and safety andease of removal. The “cut glove” and the Tourni-quot product are similarto a rubber ring or donut, but this rubber ring style product has manyinherent advantages. One major disadvantage is when the rubber ring isapplied to an injured digit, the user must roll the ring up the digitand over and through the injured area. During this process, the rubberring device not only may increase the damage to the injured area, butalso may catch any traumatic skin flaps or lacerations. This rubber ringstructure does not allow for increasing the diameter of the rubber ringapparatus.

In addition, it is recommended that all current devices that are rolledonto the finger need to be cut off, which requires additional sterileinstruments and have the potential to injure the digit during theremoval process. From the preceding descriptions, it is apparent thatthe devices currently being used have significant disadvantages. Thus,important aspects of the technology used in the field of inventionremain amenable to useful refinement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention or “T-Ring” device has several advantages overcurrent devices used as tourniquets for finger and toe procedures. Thedisclosed invention has both unique methods of application, which allowsfor exsanguination (the action or process of draining or losing blood);applying tourniquet pressure to a digit (including without limitation:appendage, finger, leg or arm); and multiple ways for easy removal ofthe apparatus. This unique method of application and removal provideadditional utility, safety and ease of use as compared to currentdevices available to health care providers.

The “T-Ring” device has been designed to meet all of the requirements ofthe “ideal” digital tourniquet. Many devices have been used in emergencydepartments and in the operating suites, and the applicant believes thatnone provides the effectiveness, safety and efficiency demonstrated bythe applicant's “T-Ring” device.

An apparatus for improving an operating field on an appendage or digitof a patient comprising: a preferably rigid or firm frame, which has aflexible layer or membrane and a membrane opening. The frame has a framesurface, a peripheral edge, a first end, a second end, and a centrallydisposed opening. The frame can further have at least one groove orbreak point, which is oriented in between the first and the second end.The at least one groove or break point is at a lower elevation than thetop surface of the frame, and the user is able to stretch apart thedevice; this break point can form a shelf on the rigid frame.

The frame surface can have at least one aperture along the peripheraledge of the frame; the frame can have a first and a second end; each endcan have a tab, which can outwardly extend past the peripheral edge ofthe frame, and have boss structures or friction nubs. The frame can haveat least one groove or notch, which is oriented in between the first andthe second end.

The frame can have a flexible membrane having a first membrane portionand a second membrane portion; the first membrane portion can cover theframe, except for the first and the second tabs; the second membraneportion can form a web with a centrally disposed membrane opening; andthe web is able to slidably engage an appendage of a patient; theflexible membrane can have at least one hole located approximately nearthe at least one frame groove.

The apparatus and frame can have various additions, including withoutlimitation: at least one light emitting diode, which is connected to abattery; at least one bladder for holding antiseptic material; the framesurface has at least one frame boss or nub; the flexible membrane has atleast one integral support rib.

The present invention introduces such refinements. In its preferredembodiments, the present invention has several aspects or facets thatcan be used independently, although they are preferably employedtogether to optimize their benefits. All of the foregoing operationalprinciples and advantages of the present invention will be more fullyappreciated upon consideration of the following detailed description,with reference to the appended drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one preferred embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 2 is a view of a first side of one preferred embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 3 is a view of a third side of one preferred embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 4 is a view of a fifth side of one preferred embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment with cutout sections of the outer flexible or membrane layer. These cut outportions can be on both sides or on one side of the device.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the inner frame of one preferredembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 shows the apparatus engaging a human finger; note how theflexible layer or membrane effectively grasps the digit.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of theinvention, which shows the flexible membrane layer disposed within theframe.

FIG. 9 is a view of a first side or top of the preferred embodimentshown in FIG. 8; the second side view or bottom is a mirror image of thefirst side view.

FIG. 10 is a view of a third side of the preferred embodiment shown inFIG. 8.

FIG. 11 is a view of a fifth side of the preferred embodiment shown inFIG. 8.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the frame of the preferred embodimentshown in FIG. 8 and without the flexible membrane.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the invention as shown in FIG. 8.

FIG. 14 is a view of a first side or top of the frame of FIG. 12; thesecond side view or bottom is a mirror image of the first side view.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the frame of FIG. 12 and along thesight lines shown in FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the frame of FIG. 12 and along thesight lines shown in FIG. 14.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a section of the frame of FIG. 12and along the sight lines shown in FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 is a close up view of a section (break point or breakable) ofthe frame of FIG. 12 and along the sight lines shown in FIG. 15.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the inner flexible membrane of FIG. 8.

FIG. 20 is a first or top view of the inner flexible membrane of FIG.19.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the inner flexible membrane of FIG.20.

FIG. 22 is a close up view of one section of the inner flexible membraneof FIG. 20.

PARTS LIST

-   10 apparatus-   15 frame-   20 membrane or flexible layer-   30 peripheral or outer frame edge-   35 first end of frame-   40 second end of frame-   45 opening within frame-   50 frame surface-   55 openings or grasping points on peripheral edge of frame-   60 first tab-   65 second tab-   70 boss on tab-   75 notches or grooves on frame-   80 membrane or flexible layer opening-   85 cut outs on membrane-   90 breakable areas or break points on frame-   95 slit or groove on flexible membrane-   100 channel formed between the breakable area of the frame and the    flexible membrane-   105 shelf or bridge on breakable area on frame

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The “T-Ring” device is a non-pneumatic tourniquet device designed forquick, easy application to the involved digit (finger or toe) or otherappendage of the patient. There is an apparatus 10 for improving anoperating field for medical procedures comprising a substantially rigidframe 15 with a flexible membrane covering 20, which can be a full orpartial covering of the frame.

Frame:

As shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus 10 has a substantially rigid andcircular shaped frame 15 with a peripheral outer edge 30 and surface 50.This frame has a first end 35 and a second end 40. This invention allowsfor other geometric or arbitrary frame shapes.

The frame further has a centrally disposed opening 45. Note that thisopening should be large enough to accommodate the digit or body part ofthe patient and to provide enough room around the digit or body part toallow flexion of the membrane or flexible layer part and for removal ofthe apparatus.

The frame further has at least one frame surface 50. The frame surfacehas at least one aperture or opening, which is oriented along theperipheral edge of the frame and passes partially or completely throughthe frame. FIG. 6 shows multiple openings 55 or grasping points orapertures around the circumference or peripheral edge of the frame.These multiple openings, apertures or grasping points act as anchorsites for parts of the flexible membrane to grasp and to interconnectwith the frame. The openings act as female parts for the flexible layeror membrane, which can act as a male part.

FIG. 6 shows the aperture or opening as being parallel to the centrallydisposed opening; however, other embodiments may have these openingsplaced at an angle to the centrally disposed opening or to have internalstructures to maximize the gripping or grasping interaction of theflexible membrane to the frame.

Grasping Points or Tabs:

FIGS. 1 to 7 show embodiments with the frame having a first tab 60 and asecond tab 65 at the opposite ends of the frame body. Other embodimentsmay allow for more than two tabs, which are strategically located aroundthe frame body to further assist the physician in removing or utilizingthe T-Ring apparatus.

The first and the second tabs can also have at least one boss 70, bump,protrusion or resistance and grasping structure on the tab surface.These resistance points on the surface of the tab help the user graspthe apparatus. These tabs outwardly extend past the peripheral edge ofthe frame. The tabs may also be grooved or a convex shape to readilyaccept a user's finger.

Break Points or Grooves:

The frame can also have at least one break point 75, scoring, groove orindentation, which is oriented in between the first and the second end.FIG. 7 shows two break points or scores, which are located between thefirst and the second end; each break point is oppositely opposed to oneanother. This at least one break point allows the user to easily snapthe frame (from a first unsnapped position to a second snapped position)so that the user can expand the apparatus further beyond the non-snappedframe diameter, especially over any repaired area of the patient'sfinger or digit. These break points are not critical to the basicfunction of this device (i.e., exsanguination), but these break pointstructures do provide an additional level of function not disclosed bythe prior art.

Flexible Layer or Membrane:

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, there is a flexible layer or membrane 20,which covers the frame and substantially covers the frame opening. Thisflexible layer or membrane has a membrane opening 80, which is centrallylocated in the device. The material used for the flexible membrane canbe thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or other types of rubbers, plastics orflexible materials. This flexible layer can completely or partiallycover the inner frame and/or tabs.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outermost area of flexible layer or membranegrabs and conforms to the shape of the inner frame; FIG. 1 version showsthat the tabs are not covered by the membrane. This membrane has a firstor outer portion and a second or inner portion. Looking at the devicefrom the side, the first or outer portion is a higher elevation than thesecond or inner portion.

As one leaves the first or outer portion of the membrane, the second orinner portion of flexible layer or membrane is no longer conforming tothe shape of an internal structure and becomes a web. This second orinner membrane portion can be described as a means located within theinner frame of the device for grasping or grabbing the patient's finger,digit or appendage.

In FIG. 1, this web or inner portion of the flexible layer or membranelacks any internal structures, ribs or components. It is preferred thatthe terminal end or edge of the web or inner portion of the membrane beflexible enough or take advantage of the flexible nature of the membraneto best grasp or grab the patient's digit or appendage during use.Different flexible materials (with different durometer) can be used tocustomize the efficiency of the device for the particular use. However,as noted below, other possible embodiments allow for the addition ofblade or gripping structures on the inner surface of the membraneopening 80.

In addition, this membrane can also pass through the at least oneaperture/openings through the frame; and the web also has a centrallydisposed membrane opening 80. This membrane opening should be parallelwith the frame opening.

The size of the membrane opening 80 should be large enough toaccommodate the patient's digit or body part and to provide resistancein order to effectively provide pressure to the digit as the apparatusis slid into place or for effective exsanguination of the body part ordigit. In FIG. 7, the inner part of the flexible layer or membrane grabsand grips the finger and applies an external pressure or a compressionto the blood vessels in the patient's appendage.

Manufacturing Process for One Preferred Embodiment:

For one preferred embodiment, the process to manufacture the preferredembodiment is to injection mold a single frame piece (including withoutlimitation a hard plastic outer ring). Then, the single frame piece is“over-molded” with the flexible material (including without limitationthermoplastic elastomer or TPE); the frame is encapsulated except thetwo tabs. Other embodiments allow for multiple frame pieces, but forcost savings, it is preferable to injection mold a single frame piece.

The outer ring frame can have at least one or preferably an array ofholes or apertures that pass partially or completely through the framebody to help anchor the flexible material to the frame and to providethe taught “trampoline” effect of the flexible layer or membrane. Otherembodiments allow the holes or apertures to have additional internalstructures such as footings to further improve the gripping effect ofthe flexible material within the frame.

A most basic version of this invention can also employ a flexible but atthe same time firm plastic or rubber-style ring. This type of ring wouldnot require a separate internal frame. In another possible embodiment,the invention or the “T-Ring” device can also comprise a central thin,flexible rubber disc surrounded by a hardened outer plastic ring. Theouter ring is made of two identical halves which, when sealed together(heat stamped or glued, for example), enclose and anchor the centralrubber or plastic disc.

The central rubber disc is made with a “hole” in its center, whichallows the “T-Ring” apparatus to be placed over a finger or toe. Thishole or opening is smaller than the diameter of the involved digit, sothat pressure will be applied to the digit as the ring is slid intoplace. Other embodiments envision the outer ring to be a single pieceunit that houses or contains or holds the center rubber disc.

How the Apparatus Works:

The health care provider will grip the “T-Ring” device or apparatus byits outer hardened ring or frame and slide the apparatus up theappendage, finger or toe to its base on the hand or foot. The outer ring“drags” the inner section or membrane with it, effectivelyexsanguinating the digit as the “T-Ring” apparatus is placed on thedigit. See FIG. 7.

Since the central rubber disc or membrane is flexible and is suspendedfrom the outer ring and lags behind it during application, the innerhole is effectively pulled up and over any protrusions on the digit.This central flexible disc structure or membrane further allows the“T-Ring” device to slide over lacerations, avulsions and, moreimportantly, traumatic skin flaps. Once in place, the “T-Ring” device orapparatus applies enough pressure to maintain hemostasis, and thus, thisinvention provides a bloodless operating field.

The “T-Ring” device allows for differing sizes or diameters of thecentral rubber hole or opening. There is a standard sized hole oropening, which will be utilized on the majority of patients. There willalso be versions of the invention with smaller central holes or openingsin the cases that increased pressure is necessary to achieve hemostasis,and rings with larger holes in the case where there may be an unusuallylarge flap or irregularity that must be accommodated by the “T-Ring”.Note that this invention capitalizes on the difference in flexibilityand resistance between the outer ring and the inner flexible ring.

Specifications:

In one preferred embodiment, the outer plastic ring can have anapproximate outer diameter of 3.5 cm and inner diameter of 2.5 to 3.0cm; there will be varying sizes, smaller for pediatric patients andlarger for patients with larger digits.

The outer ring can be approximately 0.5 to 1.0 cm in width and 0.5 to1.0 cm in thickness; note that thickness includes the two plastic“halves” and the central rubber disc (as noted in some versions in theprovisional application). This preferred size range provides ease ofhandling for the health care provider, nicely separates the digits tomaximize visualization and the functional work area, and provides acomfortable fit for the patient. These measurements and dimensions arefor example only and are not intended to be limiting.

Scoring or Notches on the Outer Ring Structure:

The outer ring can be scored at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions ororientations (with reference to the numbers on a clock); these scoringor notches allow the outer ring to be easily “snapped” in two pieceswhen the procedure is completed. To break the apparatus at the scorepoints, the user holds ring in the 12 o'clock and 6 o'clock positionsand flexes the ring forwards or backwards until the outer ring frame hassnapped.

Once the outer ring has been “snapped,” the central hole may be enlargedby pulling on the opposing halves of the outer ring. This will allow the“T-Ring” device to be removed from the digit without the rubber materialfrom the central disc coming into contact with the repaired portion ofthe digit; this structure allows for a safe and efficient removal. Thisinvention allows for the ring apparatus to be easily removed from thefinger in the same fashion that it was placed on the finger; this “snap”option provides an additional margin of safety with more complexinjuries or procedures. Other embodiments allow for the outer ring tohave grasp or hold points or tabs so that the user may more easily grabthe apparatus at positions approximately ninety degrees from the scoreor notches in the outer ring.

Other Possible Embodiments

1. T BAND Embodiment.

Another embodiment of the invention employs two separate portions ortabs that are interconnected with a flexible membrane with a centrallydisposed opening. Unlike the previous embodiments with uniformly closedframe or ring, other embodiments employ completely separate tabs orportions. There will not be break points since the first and the secondpieces of the frame are already separate. There can be at least twopieces, but other embodiments allow for three or four pieces, which areall connected to a centrally disposed flexible membrane with an openingfor the digit or body part.

2. Two Part Outer Ring.

Other embodiments may employ a first half and a second half of the outerring. These two halves of the outer ring can be connected via a springor other elastic cord or rope so to enable the user to take theapparatus from a closed or first position to a second or extendedposition. The connecting spring or elastic cord or rope between theouter ring halves enable the user to move from the first position to thesecond position and back to the first position.

3. “O-Ring” Version.

In another embodiment, regarding the outer ring, the first and secondrings can mirror one another in shape and dimension. The first and outerrings have a first or outer circumference and a second or innercircumference. There are score marks or indentations placed on oppositesides of the ring; these score points or notches enable the user toseparate first and second rings separately into two relatively similarsized halves when the apparatus is stretched open and being removed froma finger or digit. The first and second rings can be made from O-Ringsor other commonly used circular washers or rings. The material can beplastic, paper or a composite material.

The middle or third layer of the apparatus is composed of a flexiblematerial, including but not limited to rubber, plastic, or latex; thereis an opening in the center of this third layer to allow a finger or toeto enter and to pass through this apparatus. This material should beflexible enough to allow placement of the apparatus around an appendage(finger or toe), but it should be strong enough to maintain pressure ata specific location and to allow for exsanguination of the appendage.

Construction of the apparatus involves sandwiching the third layer of aflexible plastic material or web between two similarly shaped first andsecond layers (such as O-rings). An opening or hole is placed in themiddle of the third layer, and score points or notches are placed at theopposite ends of the apparatus on both the first and second layers.

4. Raised Ridges in Flexible Membrane.

Other embodiments employ raised rubber ridges, which can be molded in arifle or other types of patterns. These ridges can help the user toscrew or to rotate said apparatus on the patient's body part or digit.Other versions can have a thickening rib or support vertebra in theinner flexible membrane to provide more stability during use.

5. Lighting.

Other embodiments may allow for at least one or multiple small lightemitting diode (LED) lights to be placed on the peripheral edge of theframe or the tabs. The tabs can also hold a small battery, which areconnected to the LED lights.

6. Additional Grasping Points or Bosses on the Inner Surface of theFrame:

Other embodiments can have boss structures or grasping points on theinner surface of the frame to help the flexible membrane to grasp and tointerconnect with the frame. Other embodiments can have a lip or a shelfstructure or groove, which is molded down the center of the innersurface of the frame, to allow the flexible membrane to more firmlyinteract and to affix.

7. Inner Blades or Gripping Points on the Inner Surface of the FlexibleMembrane.

Other embodiments can have “blades” or gripping points on the innersurface of the flexible membrane opening to better grip and “squeegee”fluid or exsanguinate the patient's digit or body part.

8. Bladders of Antiseptic or Disinfectant or Other Medical Substances inApparatus:

Other embodiments can have plastic bladders of topical antiseptic ordisinfectant, which are located in the frame tabs or even the flexiblemembrane areas and are sent through tiny holes in the ends of thebladder and are applied to the patient's digit or body part whilesliding over. These bladders can be placed in the tabs, and by squeezingthe tabs and breaking the bladders, the contents can be released.

9. Cone Shaped Flexible Membrane:

Other embodiments can have cone shaped flexible membrane, which areconcave shaped to exaggerate the clinging effect of the apparatus on thedigit. The concave shape of the molded flexible material/web can moreeasily accept the wounded digit.

10. Customizing the Durometer of the Flexible Membrane for theParticular Use.

Other embodiments may alter the flexibility and the tensioncharacteristics of the flexible membrane material to customize theapparatus for a particular kind of purpose, digit or body part. Also,this apparatus can be specifically customized for particular types oftissues or nerves by altering the tension and thickness of the flexiblemembrane material and also the hole/opening size.

11. Holes Added to the Outer Elastic Layer.

As shown in FIG. 5, at least one hole 85 is added to the elasticmaterial layer, which covers the inner frame, in order to reduce thematerial thickness in front of each of the score points; this at leastone hole should be placed both on the front and the rear side of theapparatus. In one preferred embodiment, there are two score points (3and 9 o'clock positions) on each side; as a result, there will be atotal of 4 holes in this outer elastic material layer. These holes willadd in the rings elasticity during the removal process. Note that theholes do not need to completely extend to the surface of the innerframe. Other embodiments will extend all the way to the inner frame.

12. Two-Piece Inner Frame with an Outer Elastic Layer.

Another possible embodiment employs using a two-piece inner frame with aflexible outer layer. Instead of using a single internal frame withscore points at the 3 and 9 o'clock positions; the inner ring structurewould be split or made into two relatively evenly proportioned pieces.These two parts can form an oval shape. Other frame shapes such assquare or rectangular or oval can be employed.

The parts A and B can be joined using a male/female connection apparatusat the meeting junction of the two parts. The meeting section allows onehalf of the frame to be hollowed out (female half), while the other half(male half) would have a portion that is smaller than the rest of theframe and would insert inside or engage the female part. These parts Aand B would be molded separately and inserted together duringmanufacturing. This two piece unit allows a first (closed position) anda second (open position).

Once together, the elastic TPE material would be integrated over the twopiece frame in a fashion similar to the earlier T-Ring prototype. Theover-molded TPE material would effectively hold the two halves A and Btogether. This modification would allow the inner ring to be stretchedopen wider by grasping the tab on each half; pulling apart the apparatusto further increase the inner hole or area (which surrounds thepatient's digit); and relaxing the tension on the device, which allowsthe ring to return to its original size.

This embodiment would allow the user to increase the ring size as neededin order to pull over larger digits (thumbs, big toes) and also toincrease the size of the central hole when removing the ring so that theT-Ring device does not contact the digit when removed.

This embodiment would further eliminate the need to snap the inner frameapparatus at the score points to remove the ring device, and wouldmaintain the integrity of the ring device when the central hole neededto be enlarged. The T-Ring device could be stretched apart and thenallowed to relax (as often as needed) to accomplish putting thissurgical apparatus on and taking it off the patient's digit.

Potential Uses:

The “T-Ring” device has been developed to provide a bloodless operatingfield for emergent and non-emergent medical procedures. It is designedto temporarily restrict blood flow so that the treating health careprofessional may accomplish a procedure with maximum visibility in thefield, which is usually only possible after obtaining adequatehemostasis of the area involved.

While the primary indication for the “T-Ring” device will be its use inprocedures involving the fingers and thumbs, it also may be used withthe same effect in procedures involving the digits of the lowerextremities. The primary indications for use of the “T-Ring” devicewould be exploration and repair of acute finger and toe injuries and toprovide a bloodless operating field in elective finger and toeprocedures. The invention can be applied to many potential uses,including but not limited to: wound repair (soft tissue skin avulsion orlaceration), wound exploration and repair (injuries of the hands/feetinvolving tendons, bones or joint), foreign body exploration andelective procedures of the fingers and toes.

This invention also is intended for temporary use in situations where atypical medical environment is not available such as in the wildernessor a military battlefield situation. With the addition of a plastic bagor wrapper to “T-Ring” apparatus, the user in the field, work place, orany non-medical facility can quickly treat a finger or toe wound untilproper medical personnel can be reached. The “T-Ring” apparatus can beused in conjunction with plastic wrap or a plastic bag to help containthe wound and to keep the wound together. Further, the plastic bag orwrapper can also help to move the apparatus on and off the finger ortoe.

This T-Ring device can be used for veterinary applications and fordifferent size animal appendages. This embodiment would include largerand varied dimensions of the preferred embodiments described within thisapplication.

Embodiments Shown in FIGS. 8 to 22:

FIGS. 8 to 22 show views of other preferred embodiments of theinvention. The most basic version of the invention is a frame with aflexible membrane layer and an opening in said flexible membrane layer.FIGS. 8 to 22 show the non-pneumatic tourniquet device invention, whichis designed for quick, easy application to the involved digit (finger ortoe) or other appendage of the patient. There is an apparatus 10 forimproving an operating field for medical procedures comprising asubstantially rigid frame 15 with a flexible membrane 20, which lieswithin the circumference of the frame or mounted within the frame. Thisinvention may also have application in the urological area for treatmentof the male penis.

FIGS. 8 to 15 show embodiments with the frame having a first tab 60 anda second tab 65 at the opposite ends of the frame body. Otherembodiments may allow for more than two tabs, which are strategicallylocated around the frame body to further assist the physician or user inremoving or utilizing the T-Ring apparatus. In the embodiments shown,the inner surface of the frame is relatively smooth; however, in otherembodiments, this inner surface can have grooves or breaks in thesurface, which can help anchor the elastic membrane layer to the innersurface of the frame.

The frame can also have at least one break point area 90, scoring,groove 75 or indentation, which is oriented in between the first and thesecond end. FIGS. 8 to 9 show two break points 90 or score areas, whichare located between the first and the second end; each break point isoppositely opposed to one another. This break point or breakable area 90allows the user to more easily snap the frame (from a first unsnappedposition to a second snapped position) so that the user can expand theapparatus further beyond the non-snapped frame diameter, especially overany repaired area of the patient's finger or digit or other appendage(arm or leg).

In FIGS. 8 to 9, these break points or score areas are of a larger areathan the score 75 or groove area of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.These break points can allow the continuity of the frame, but the amountof frame material in this “break point” area will be less, which in turnwould lead to different heights and depths of this “break point” areafrom the surrounding parts of the frame. The dimensions of the “breakpoint areas” can be varied.

In FIGS. 12 to 14, the frame has at least one and preferably two “breakpoint areas.” The “break point area” has a bridge area that connects thetwo sides of the frame. The top surface of the bridge area is at lowerelevation than the top of the frame. The inner surface of the bridgearea is at greater distance from the center of the T-Ring apparatus thanthe inner surface of the frame (when measured along the same line fromthe center of the apparatus). This “bridge area” forms a shelf structurein the frame.

In addition, in FIGS. 8 and 12, there is a second or smaller score pointor break point in the central area of the bridge, which further helpsthe user break the frame, when needed (during removal of the T-Ringapparatus).

In addition, the break point areas can be further defined in comparisonto the frame. The frame has a first cross-section thickness, and thebreak point area has a second cross-section thickness; the firstcross-section thickness is greater than the second cross-sectionthickness. In other words, the break point or breakable area has asmaller cross-sectional area than the rest of the frame.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, this break point area can also be described as a shelfor cleft or recess 105. Looking from the top and bottom surfaces of theapparatus, the shelf 105 can be formed into the body of the frame; therecan be multiple shelf, clefts or recesses at one break point area or onopposite sides of the apparatus. This shelf can share a common uniformexterior perimeter with the rest of the rigid frame (minus any externaltabs or grips). The shelf or bridge area can have a smaller or thinnerthickness than the rest of the frame but will still be continuous withthe rest of the frame.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, a flexible layer or membrane 20 engages the frame(within or around or partially around) and substantially covers theframe opening. This flexible layer or membrane has a membrane opening80, which is centrally located in the device. The material used for theflexible membrane can be thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or other types ofrubbers, plastics or flexible materials. This flexible layer can liepartially or completely within the frame. This flexible layer ormembrane acts similar to the embodiments disclosed above.

The size of the membrane opening 80 should be large enough toaccommodate the patient's digit or body part and to provide resistancein order to effectively provide pressure to the digit as the apparatusis slid into place or for effective exsanguination of the body part ordigit.

Test data has shown that this invention is superior over other devices(such as the Tournicot or a rolled up latex glove finger) in providingan ideal amount of pressure for effective exsanguination of the fingeror appendage. This invention is equally useful for different sizedappendages or fingers or toes.

As noted above, the process to manufacture the preferred embodiment isto injection mold a single frame piece (including without limitation ahard plastic outer ring or frame piece such as polycarbonate orpolypropylene). Then, or at the same time as the formation of the frame,the single frame piece can “over-molded” with the flexible material(including without limitation thermoplastic elastomer or TPE). Duringthis injection molding process, these two different materials (hardplastic frame and the elastic membrane layer) are bonded by heat duringmanufacturing.

In another embodiment wherein the flexible membrane lies within theframe, there is a two step manufacturing: 1. First Shot—hard outer ringis formed; then 2. Second Shot—the inner flexible membrane portion isformed within seconds of the First Shot so that the two materials arestill hot and can bind to one another.

Other embodiments allow for multiple frame pieces, but for cost savings,it is preferable to injection mold a single frame piece and co-mold theTPE layer at the same time to take advantage of the heat of the processto form a suitable bond between the frame material and the TPE layer.

A most basic version of this invention can also employ a flexible but atthe same time firm plastic or rubber-style ring or frame piece. Thecentral rubber disc is made with a “hole” in its center, which allowsthe “T-Ring” apparatus to be placed over a finger or toe. This hole oropening is smaller than the diameter of the involved digit, so thatpressure will be applied to the digit as the ring is slid into place.Other embodiments envision the outer ring to be a single piece unit thathouses or contains or holds the center rubber disc.

In other embodiments, the frame has a shelf or flange that runssubstantially around the inner surface of the frame, with the exceptionof the break point areas. The flexible membrane engages this innersurface flange. Note how the peripheral edge of the flexible membrane issubstantially thicker or at a greater thickness than the rest of theflexible membrane layer (see FIG. 21). In one particular embodiment, theinner surface of the frame, with the exception of the break point areas,is relatively smooth. The flexible membrane engages this inner framesurface.

At its peripheral edge, flexible membrane layer is at a lower elevationthan the top surface of the frame. The break point areas have bridgeareas and scoring points. In FIGS. 19 to 20, the flexible membranelayer's peripheral edge can have at least one groove or slit 95, whichcorresponds to the score point on the frame. The groove or slit isdesigned to be a lead point where, once the outer ring is snapped, theuser can tear the inner membrane to remove the T-Ring apparatus from thepatient's digit or appendage. The tear can be started at this groove orslit. In other embodiments, the flexible membrane layer can partiallycover the frame.

As shown in FIG. 9, there is at least one channel or opening 100 formedby the bridge or shelf piece 105 within the breakable portion 90 and theflexible membrane. This channel 100 can run through the apparatus.

To use the device: the health care provider will grip the “T-Ring”device or apparatus by its outer hardened ring or frame and slide theapparatus up the finger or toe to its base on the hand or foot. Theouter ring “drags” the inner section or membrane with it, effectivelyexsanguinating the digit as the “T-Ring” apparatus is placed on thedigit.

Since the membrane is flexible and is secured to the frame and lagsbehind it during application, the inner hole is effectively pulled upand over any protrusions on the digit. This central flexible discstructure or membrane further allows the “T-Ring” device to slide overlacerations, avulsions and, more importantly, traumatic skin flaps. Oncein place, the “T-Ring” device or apparatus applies enough pressure tomaintain hemostasis, and thus, this invention provides a bloodlessoperating field.

As with the embodiment above, at the break points and score points, theframe can be snapped or broken, and the central hole may be enlarged bypulling on the opposing halves of the outer ring. This will allow the“T-Ring” device to be removed from the digit without the flexiblemembrane material from the central disc coming into contact with therepaired portion of the digit; this structure allows for a safe andefficient removal. This invention allows for the ring apparatus to beeasily removed from the finger in the same fashion that it was placed onthe finger; this “snap” option provides an additional margin of safetywith more complex injuries or procedures.

The “T-Ring” device allows for differing sizes or diameters of thecentral rubber hole or opening. There is a standard sized hole oropening, which will be utilized on the majority of patients. There willalso be versions of the invention with smaller central holes or openingsin the cases that increased pressure is necessary to achieve hemostasis,and rings with larger holes in the case where there may be an unusuallylarge flap or irregularity that must be accommodated by the “T-Ring”.This invention capitalizes on the difference in flexibility andresistance between the outer ring and the inner flexible ring. In theembodiments shown in FIG. 8 to 22, other embodiments can employ otherfeatures and structures as listed above.

Other Embodiments of the Invention (Split Version):

In this “split ring version,” the frame has a first frame part and asecond frame part. An inner flexible ring connects the first and thesecond frame parts. The inner flexible ring can have opposite ends withnotches and grooves, which are cut or “scored” at the terminal edge ofthe ring. The inner flexible ring has an opening for engaging thefinger, toe or appendage of the patient.

In another embodiment of the invention (Pediatric-Toe Version), theouter frame is rectangular shaped or having two sides with a shorterlength than the other two sides of the device. This narrow shape betterallows use on toes of a child; the space between the toes and fingers ofa child are typically less than of an adult. The frame can have breakpoints or score areas, which better enable the user to break the frame,when the apparatus is to be removed from the patient.

An apparatus for improving an operating field for medical procedures fora patient comprising: a frame with a peripheral edge and a first end anda second end; the frame further having a centrally disposed frameopening and at least one break point area, which is oriented in betweenthe first end and the second end; the frame having a first cross-sectionthickness, and the at least one break point area having a secondcross-section thickness; the first cross-section thickness being greaterthan the second cross-section thickness; a flexible membrane is disposedwithin the frame and substantially covers the frame opening; theflexible membrane having a centrally disposed membrane opening; theflexible membrane and the at least one break point area form at leastone channel through the apparatus and at the peripheral edge of theframe; the first end of the frame has a first tab; the second end of theframe has a second tab; and the first and the second tabs outwardlyextend past the peripheral edge of the frame; whereby the apparatus canengage an appendage of the patient with said flexible membrane toprovide an effective exsanguination of said appendage (an arm, a leg ora digit). The at least one break point area can further have a groove.

An apparatus for improving an operating field for medical procedures fora patient comprising: a frame with a peripheral edge and a first end anda second end; the frame further having a first centrally disposedopening and at least one breakable portion, which is oriented in betweenthe first end and the second end; the frame having a first thickness;the at least one breakable portion having a second thickness; the firstthickness of the frame being greater than the second thickness of the atleast one breakable portion; the frame and the at least one breakableportion can share a common external perimeter or boundary, so that theouter circumference of the apparatus remains uniformly the same (minusany tab or grip extensions).

A flexible membrane can be fixedly connected within the frame andsubstantially covers the first centrally disposed opening; and themembrane having a second centrally disposed opening; whereby theapparatus can engage an appendage of the patient with said flexiblemembrane and through the second centrally disposed opening to provide aneffective exsanguination of said appendage; the at least one breakableportion further has a groove; the first end and the second ends of theframe can have tabs or gripping surfaces; and the first and the secondtabs outwardly extend past the peripheral edge of the frame; theflexible membrane and the at least one breakable portion can form atleast one channel through the apparatus and at the peripheral edge ofthe frame.

An apparatus for a patient comprising: a rigid frame with a peripheraledge and a first end and a second end; the rigid frame further having afirst centrally disposed opening and at least one breakable portion; theat least one breakable portion defining a shelf or a ridge or cleft;said shelf being continuous with said rigid frame; a flexible membraneis disposed within the rigid frame and substantially covers the firstcentrally disposed opening; the flexible membrane having a secondcentrally disposed opening; the at least one breakable portion and theflexible membrane forming a third opening near the peripheral edge ofthe rigid frame and through the apparatus; whereby the apparatus canengage an appendage of the patient with said flexible membrane toprovide an effective exsanguination of said appendage, and whereby theat least one breakable portion can be snapped to allow the apparatus tobe stretched away and removed from the patient; the flexible memberfurther comprises at least one notch; and said shelf can have a groove.

While the invention as described above in connection with preferredembodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit theinvention to those embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to coverall alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be includedwithin the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appendedclaims.

Further, any underlined section headings are not intended to be limitingin relation to the interpretation of patent claim coverage. The terms“a” or “an”, as used herein, are defined as one or more than one. Theterm plurality, as used herein, is defined as two or more than two. Theterm another, as used herein, is defined as at least a second or more.The terms including and/or having, as used herein, are defined ascomprising (i.e., open language). The term coupled, as used herein, isdefined as connected, although not necessarily directly, and notnecessarily mechanically.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been disclosed,those having ordinary skill in the art will understand that changes canbe made to the specific embodiments without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is not to berestricted, therefore, to the specific embodiments, and it is intendedthat the appended claims cover any and all such applications,modifications, and embodiments within the scope of the presentinvention. Any heading or section titles are for simple organization forthe reader and are not intended to be limiting as to claim scope,construction or interpretation.

We claim:
 1. An apparatus for improving an operating field for medicalprocedures for a patient comprising: a frame with a peripheral edge anda first end and a second end; the frame further having a centrallydisposed frame opening and at least one break point area, which isoriented in between the first end and the second end; the frame having afirst cross-section thickness, and the at least one break point areahaving a second cross-section thickness; the first cross-sectionthickness being greater than the second cross-section thickness; aflexible membrane is disposed within the frame and substantially coversthe frame opening; the frame having a non-snapped frame diameter; theflexible membrane having a centrally disposed membrane opening; theflexible membrane and the at least one break point area form at leastone channel through the apparatus and at the peripheral edge of theframe; the first end of the frame has a first tab; the second end of theframe has a second tab; and the first and the second tabs outwardlyextend past the peripheral edge of the frame; whereby the apparatus canengage an appendage of the patient with said flexible membrane toprovide an effective exsanguination of said appendage; the at least onebreak point allows a user to snap the frame from a first unsnappedposition to a second snapped position, so that the user can expand theapparatus further beyond the non-snapped frame diameter and apply orremove over any injured or repaired area of the patient's appendage; andin the second snapped position, the flexible membrane remains unbrokenthroughout an entire circumference of the apparatus.
 2. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the appendage is an arm, a leg or a digit.
 3. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one break point area furtherhaving a groove.
 4. An apparatus for improving an operating field formedical procedures for a patient comprising: a frame with a peripheraledge and a first end and a second end; the frame further having a firstcentrally disposed opening and at least one breakable portion, which isoriented in between the first end and the second end; the frame having afirst thickness; the at least one breakable portion having a secondthickness; the first thickness of the frame being greater than thesecond thickness of the at least one breakable portion; the frame andthe at least one breakable portion share a common external perimeter; aflexible membrane is fixedly connected within the frame andsubstantially covers the first centrally disposed opening; and themembrane having a second centrally disposed opening; the frame having anon-snapped frame diameter; whereby the apparatus can engage anappendage of the patient with said flexible membrane and through thesecond centrally disposed opening to provide an effective exsanguinationof said appendage; the at least one breakable portion allows a user tosnap the frame from a first unsnapped position to a second snappedposition, so that the user can expand the apparatus further beyond thenon-snapped frame diameter and apply or remove over any injured orrepaired area of the patient's appendage; and in the second snappedposition, the flexible membrane remains unbroken throughout an entirecircumference of the apparatus.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein theat least one breakable portion further has a groove.
 6. The apparatus ofclaim 4, wherein the first end of the frame has a first tab; the secondend of the frame has a second tab; and the first and the second tabsoutwardly extend past the peripheral edge of the frame.
 7. The apparatusof claim 4, wherein the appendage is an arm, a leg or a digit.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 4, wherein the flexible membrane and the at least onebreakable portion form at least one channel through the apparatus and atthe peripheral edge of the frame.
 9. An apparatus for a patientcomprising: a rigid frame with a peripheral edge and a first end and asecond end; the rigid frame further having a first centrally disposedopening and at least one breakable portion; the at least one breakableportion defining a shelf; said shelf being continuous with said rigidframe; a flexible membrane is disposed within the rigid frame andsubstantially covers the first centrally disposed opening; the flexiblemembrane having a second centrally disposed opening; the at least onebreakable portion and the flexible membrane forming a third opening nearthe peripheral edge of the rigid frame and through the apparatus; theframe having a non-snapped frame diameter; whereby the apparatus canengage an appendage of the patient with said flexible membrane toprovide an effective exsanguination of said appendage, and whereby theat least one breakable portion can be snapped to allow the apparatus tobe stretched away and removed from the patient; the at least onebreakable portion allows a user to snap the frame from a first unsnappedposition to a second snapped position, so that the user can expand theapparatus further beyond the non-snapped frame diameter and apply orremove over any injured or repaired area of the patient's appendage; andin the second snapped position, the flexible membrane remains unbrokenthroughout an entire circumference of the apparatus.
 10. The apparatusof claim 9, wherein the flexible member further comprises at least onenotch.
 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first end of the rigidframe has a first tab; the second end of the rigid frame has a secondtab; and the first and the second tabs outwardly extend past theperipheral edge of the rigid frame.
 12. The apparatus of claim 9,wherein said shelf having a groove.